Despite staying this long, there are still some noticeable disparities between how the policies are interpreted by the state and individual districts. Some schools even prefer to send students that fail multiple courses to summer school as a way to avoid class retention. A student might also get held back if their parents and teachers agree that they do not meet up to speed with the required reading level. Such students would repeat the level to catch up with the reading level required of them.
Despite the popularity of grade retention, students still escape it with the right efforts. However, if your school is considering making you repeat a year, then there may be some reasons for it. One of the most popular reasons a school may recommend grade retention for a high school student is a perceived lagging behind in academic ability. This means that a school can recommend that you repeat a grade if you do not show the potential of doing well in the next grade.
Beyond that, however, there are several other reasons why a school may recommend grade retention. Check them out:. A school will most likely recommend grade retention if a student struggles to keep up with the academic ability needed to get through the grade. Often, students repeat a high school class because they are perceived to be too young or socially immature to handle what the next class will throw at them. An extra year in a class will help a student catch up with the maturity level needed for the next class.
Another reason why a school will recommend class repetition for a student is their continuous absence from school. Most schools have a fixed attendance percentage for students to move to the next class. Failure to meet up to the set percentage would often mean that the student would have to repeat the class. Some schools adopt summer schooling for students that do not meet the required attendance amount due to genuine reasons.
You can ask your school to be sure about how your state handles this issue. Understanding the advantages of grade retention will help you leverage them for the best. Below, check out the advantages and disadvantages of repeating a grade in high school. Grade retention offers students with behavioral issues enough time to make corrections and adjust to the required behavior before moving to the next class.
Like every other thing, repeating a grade has its disadvantages. Some of the popular disadvantages include:. Different factors combine to determine the number of times a student gets held back in high school.
However, state policies play a significant role in deciding this. Most states recommend that a student be held back in high school until they decide to let them go.
Therefore, most schools will hold back students if at least one of the following does not happen. Apart from the above reasons, a school can also decide to hold a student back in high school if they think that they are yet to meet up to the standard set for graduating from high school. With the state playing a significant role in deciding how long a student can be held back in high school, it is difficult generalizing.
High schools operate on a slightly different principle from middle school, so students will only be held back due to not earning enough credit to move on. Therefore, a student can escape grade retention, even if they fail one or two classes. Usually, such students would be required to attend summer school to retake the failed class or take it the following semester. For a clear understanding, think of the credit system in this manner. Research from the past 30 years indicates that holding students back doesn't improve their academic performance.
In fact, according to a recent study published in the Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness , students who were held back in the first or the second grade performed worse on reading achievement tests in middle school than students who weren't retained. Perhaps even more concerning, holding a student back tends to affect a child's social and emotional development.
In Healthy Children , Laura McGuinn, a professor of pediatrics, notes that kids think repeating a grade is stressful, especially if they're one of the older or bigger kids in the class. Retention also significantly raises the likelihood that a student drops out in high school, which, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , significantly hinders employment and income prospects.
Matthew Lynch, writing in The Edvocate , noted that studies have demonstrated that students overwhelmingly believe that retention increases students' stress and sours them on school.
Given the research, Lynch asks: "Why are educators, parents, and the American public complicit in a practice that does demonstrable harm to children and the competitive future of the country? Most retentions occur in elementary school. In , 4. But retention gaps exist along racial and social lines, and the National Center for Education Statistics has identified several of these markers as indicators that suggest the likelihood of student retention, Child Trends reported.
In , for example, 8 percent of kids in households at or below the federal poverty level were retained, compared with only 3 percent of kids in households above the poverty line, according to Child Trends.
Likewise, 7 percent of Hispanic children in primary school were retained in , compared to 2 percent of white children. At the end of , 16 states and Washington, DC, required students who did not meet reading proficiency standards by the end of the third grade to be retained.
State legislatures often insist that retention laws are based on the premise that students learn to read by the third grade but read to learn in the fourth grade and beyond. According to the Annie E. Casey Foundation , students reading below grade level at the end of the third grade are four times more likely not to finish high school.
That's an alarming factoid, but it doesn't mean that retention is the best or the only way to improve students' reading skills. State legislatures insist that retention laws are intended to be preventive, not punitive—though students might not perceive them that way. Most states provide exemptions for special education students, students with limited English proficiency, or students who've already been held back.
Teachers, parents, and administrators may also make recommendations to the state regarding not retaining a child. Halthon is among many parents who are considering whether their children should be retained in grade after a year of disrupted learning. Tiffany Newton, of Newark, N. Newton's daughters have excelled in remote learning. Catherine Gewertz. Follow Unfollow. Senior Contributing Writer , Education Week. Catherine Gewertz is a writer for Education Week who covers national news and features.
Sarah D. Research on "newcomer schools" like this one can inform post-pandemic schooling practices now as students return to full-time learning, with many having experienced educational disruption, stress, and trauma not unlike that of many newly arrived immigrant students. Thank you for subscribing.
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